Military history of Ukraine

Number by catalogue:  Michel: 815   Yvert: 739   Scott: 647c  

Perforation type: 14x14 ¼

Subject:

70 copecks. Khmelnichna national liberation movement*, XVII century.

On a line of the horizon, two burning windmills.

Additional:

*The term Khmelnytsky Uprising (also Khmel'nyts'kyi/Chmielnicki Uprising or Khmelnytsky/Chmielnicki Rebellion) refers to a rebellion or war of liberation in the lands of present-day Ukraine which continued from 1648–1654 or 1657 (sources vary[a]). Under the command of Hetman Bohdan Khmelnytsky, the Zaporozhian Cossacks allied with the Crimean Tatars, and the local Ukrainian peasantry, fought several battles against the armies and paramilitary forces of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. The result was an eradication of the control of the Polish szlachta, (Latin Rite) Polish Roman Catholic priests and their Jewish intermediaries (as well as Karaites, and other arendators [1]) in the area.

The Uprising started as the rebellion of the Cossack estate, but as other Orthodox Christian classes (peasants, burghers, petty nobility) of the Ukrainian palatinates joined them, the ultimate aim became a creation of an autonomous Ukrainian state.[2] The Uprising succeeded in ending the Polish influence over those Cossack lands that were taken under Russian protectorate. These events, along with internal conflicts and hostilities with Sweden and Russia, resulted in severely diminished Polish power during this period (referred to in Polish history as The Deluge).